ABSTRACT
To study the transmission of Salmonella and resistance genes,116 Salmonella isolates were tested the sero types,antimicrobial susceptibility,resistant genes on SG1 including β-1actamase genes,and multilocus sequence typing (MLST).Results showed that Salmonella isolates from the chicken belonged to ST11 clone,S.enteritidis,and ST17 clone,S.indiana,and from the pig belonged to ST40,S.derby mostly.ST11 clone showed multidrug-resistant (MDR),resistance to ampicillin,nalidixic acid,tetracycline,and cefoperazone,mostly.ST17 clone showed resistance to nine or more kinds of antibiotics including cephalosporins and fluouoquinolones,a super-MDR clone.ST11 clone carried bla TEM-l-like highly,whereas blaOXA-1-like,blaCTX-M,blaTEM-1-like,and floR,aadA2,sul1,and aac (6')-1b were highly carried in ST17 clone,a new super-MDR clone.The antibiotic abuse and misuse in food supply chains were the main origin of MDR and super-MDR Salmonella,which were transmitted by the chains.It is significance that the control of substance abuse,especially cephalosporins and fluouoquinolones,in food supply chains.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the correlation factors affecting the incidence of burn shock, so as to provide guidance for the clinical treatment of shock after burns.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Retrospective analysis of clinical data of 15 624 patients hospitalized in our department from 1973 to 2005 was undertaken . The incidence of shock during every 10 years, as well as the relationship between shock incidence and age, burn area, interval between injury and hospitalization, and complications were analyzed statistically.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The incidence of shock during 1973-1980, 1981-1990, 1991-2000 and 2001-2005 periods was 14.69%, 13.50%, 9.38% and 7.88%, respectively, and there was significant difference of shock incidence between each 10 years and its succeeding period (P < 0.01). The occurrence of shock was closely related to age, length of time between injury and hospitalization, and burn area. The shock incidence of children under 7 years old or elderly more than 60 years old was obviously higher than other age groups, and there was positive relationship between burn area and shock incidence. Moreover, the shock incidence of the patients hospitalized later than 4 to 12 hours after burn shock was also markedly higher than those hospitalized earlier (P < 0.01). In addition, the incidence of sepsis, alimentary tract hemorrhage, acute renal failure, pulmonary failure, and cardiac failure in patients with shock was obviously higher than those without shock (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>For the children and aged people, special attention should be paid in the prevention and resuscitation of burn shock. Early fluid resuscitation is vital for the prevention of organ complication, and it is beneficial to promote wound healing.</p>